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Mill finish is the surface texture (or finish) of metal after it exits a rolling mill, extrusion die, or drawing processes, including sheet, bar, plate, or structural shapes. This texture is usually rough and lacks lustre; it may have spots of oxidation or contamination with mill oil.
It is produced by polishing the metal with a 120–180 grit belt or wheel finish and then softened with an 80–120 grit greaseless compound or a medium non-woven abrasive belt or pad. #4 Dairy or sanitary finish. This finish is commonly used for the medical and food industry and almost exclusively used on stainless steel.
Superfinishing, also known as microfinishing [1] and short-stroke honing, is a metalworking process that improves surface finish and workpiece geometry. This is achieved by removing just the thin amorphous surface layer of fragmented or smeared metal left by the last process with an abrasive stone or tape; this layer is usually about 1 μm in magnitude.
Lapping machine. Lapping is a machining process in which two surfaces are rubbed together with an abrasive between them, by hand movement or using a machine.. Lapping often follows other subtractive processes with more aggressive material removal as a first step, such as milling and/or grinding.
The acid reacts with the iron metal producing hydrogen and iron cations: Fe + 2 H 3 O + → Fe 2+ + H 2 + 2 H 2 O. The reaction consuming protons raises the pH of the solution in the immediate vicinity of the surface, until eventually the phosphates become insoluble and get deposited over it.
The following are the official speedcubing world records approved by the WCA as of 15 February 2025. [4]Note: For averages of 5 solves, the best time and the worst time are dropped, and the mean of the remaining 3 solves is taken.
Ball burnishing, or ballizing, is a replacement for other bore finishing operations such as grinding, honing, or polishing. A ballizing tool consists of one or more over-sized balls that are pushed through a hole. The tool is similar to a broach, but instead of cutting away material, it plows it out of the way. [1]
Turned, ground, and polished (TGP) is a classification of finishing processes often used for metal shafting. Turning (on a lathe) creates straight round bars without the strain induced by cold drawing, while grinding and polishing improves the surface finish and roundness for high dimensional accuracy. [1]