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Dimethyldichlorosilane is a tetrahedral organosilicon compound with the formula Si(CH 3) 2 Cl 2. At room temperature it is a colorless liquid that readily reacts with water to form both linear and cyclic Si-O chains. Dimethyldichlorosilane is made on an industrial scale as the principal precursor to dimethylsilicone and polysilane compounds.
Silanols are more acidic than the corresponding alcohols. This trend contrasts with the fact that Si is far less electronegative than carbon (1.90 vs 2.55, respectively). For Et 3 SiOH, the pK a is estimated at 13.6 vs. 19 for tert-butyl alcohol. The pK a of 3−ClC 6 H 4)Si(CH 3) 2 OH is 11. [3]
Silanes with one, two, three, or four Si-H bonds are called hydrosilanes. Silane is again the parent member. Examples: triethylsilane (HSi(C 2 H 5) 3) and triethoxysilane (HSi(OC 2 H 5) 3). Polysilanes are organosilicon compounds with the formula (R 2 Si) n. They feature Si-Si bonds. Attracting more interest are the organic derivatives such as ...
Stock and Somieski completed the hydrolysis of dichlorosilane by putting the solution of H 2 SiCl 2 in benzene in brief contact with a large excess of water. [3] [5] A large-scale hydrolysis was done in a mixed ether/alkane solvent system at 0 °C, which gave a mixture of volatile and nonvolatile [H 2 SiO] n.
MeSiCl 3 + 3 H 2 O → MeSi(OH) 3 + 3 HCl. The silanol is unstable and will eventually condense to give a polymer network: MeSi(OH) 3 → MeSiO 1.5 + 1.5 H 2 O. Methyltrichlorosilane undergoes alcoholysis (reaction with alcohol) to give alkoxysilanes. Methanol converts it to trimethoxymethylsilane: MeSiCl 3 + 3 CH 3 OH → MeSi(OCH 3) 3 + 3 HCl
Most polysiloxanes feature organic substituents, e.g., [(CH 3) 2 SiO] n and [(C 6 H 5) 2 SiO)] n. All polymerized siloxanes or polysiloxanes, silicones consist of an inorganic silicon–oxygen backbone chain (···−Si−O−Si−O−Si−O−···) with two groups attached to each silicon center. The materials can be cyclic or polymeric.
TMS is a contaminant in the atmospheres of spacecraft, where it arises from the degradation of silicone-based materials. [5] Specifically, it is the volatile product from the hydrolysis of polydimethylsiloxane, which are generally terminated with trimethylsilyl groups: (CH 3) 3 SiO[Si(CH 3) 2 O] n R + H 2 O → (CH 3) 3 SiOH + HO[Si(CH 3) 2 O] n R
rn(si(ch 3) 3) 2 + h 2 o → o(si(ch 3) 3) 2 + rnh 2 where X is a halogen and R is an alkyl . This method has been extended to aminomethylation via the reagent CH 3 OCH 2 N(Si(CH 3 ) 3 ) 2 , which contains a displaceable methoxy group CH 3 O –.