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A plant cuticle is a protecting film covering the outermost skin layer of leaves, young shoots and other aerial plant organs (aerial here meaning all plant parts not embedded in soil or other substrate) that have no periderm. The film consists of lipid and hydrocarbon polymers infused with wax, and is synthesized exclusively by the epidermal cells.
Palisade cells contain a high concentration of chloroplasts, particularly in the upper portion of the cell, making them the primary site of photosynthesis in the leaves of plants that contain them. Their vacuole also aids in this function: it is large and central, pushing the chloroplasts to the edge of the cell, maximising the absorption of ...
Perianth or other segments free, not united. Compare symphyllous, gamophyllous, and polyphyllous. apophysis 1. The external part of a cone scale. 2. An outgrowth of an organ or an enlargement of a stem. appendage A secondary part attached to a main structure; an external growth that seldom has any obvious function, hence appendiculate ...
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A simplified diagram of photosynthesis. Redrawn in vector format from Image:Simple_photosynthesis_overview.PNG: Date: 18 April 2008: Source: Own work: Author: Daniel Mayer (mav) - original image Vector version by Yerpo: Other versions
The cuticle reduces water loss to the atmosphere, it is sometimes covered with wax in smooth sheets, granules, plates, tubes, or filaments. The wax layers give some plants a whitish or bluish surface color. Surface wax acts as a moisture barrier and protects the plant from intense sunlight and wind. [5] Diagram of fine scale leaf internal anatomy
Epicuticular wax can now also be isolated by mechanical methods that distinguish the epicuticular wax outside the plant cuticle from the cuticular wax embedded in the cuticle polymer. [6] As a consequence, these two are now known to be chemically distinct, [ 7 ] although the mechanism that segregates the molecular species into the two layers is ...
[citation needed] Each guard cell has a relatively thick and thinner cuticle [clarification needed] on the pore-side and a thin one opposite it. As water enters the cell, the thin side bulges outward like a balloon and draws the thick side along with it, forming a crescent; the combined crescents form the opening of the pore.