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Map of volcanic systems on the Reykjanes Peninsula. Grindavík is at the southern end of the Eldvörp–Svartsengi system (marked here as 2) The Sundhnúksgígar crater row was formed approximately 2420 ± 100 radiocarbon years before present (BP), as determined by carbon-14 (14 C) dating conducted by Uppsala University, using 1950 as the ...
Volcanic ash fell over most of the island, destroying around 400 homes, and a lava flow threatened to close off the harbour, the island's main income source via its fishing fleet. An operation was mounted to cool the advancing lava flow by pumping sea water onto it, which was successful in preventing the loss of the harbour.
[3]: 719 The crater row is usually now classified as part of the Eldvörp–Svartsengi or Svartsengi volcanic system [5] which is part of the Reykjanes volcanic belt. There are previous classifications that included the volcano in the Reykjanes volcanic system and what was termed the Grindavik volcanic fissure system. [3]: 718
Iceland experiences frequent volcanic activity, due to its location both on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary, and being over a hotspot.Nearly thirty volcanoes are known to have erupted in the Holocene epoch; these include Eldgjá, source of the largest lava eruption in human history.
Watch: Homes in Iceland’s Grindavik go up in flames as volcano’s lava reaches town Sunday 14 January 2024 17:30 , Matt Mathers Homes in Iceland’s Grindavik go up in flames as volcano’s ...
Iceland has 130 volcanoes - most of which are active. The only dormant sites are found in the oldest part of Iceland’s landmass, the Westfjords, which was formed around 16 million years ago.
The volcano erupted again in May 2010, causing the closure of airspace over many parts of Europe. [27] The eruptions also created electrical storms. [28] The London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre declared the eruption to have stopped on the 23rd of May 2010, but stated that they were continuing to monitor the volcano. [29]
This list of volcanoes in Iceland only includes major active and dormant volcanic mountains, of which at least 18 vents have erupted since human settlement of Iceland began around 900 AD. Subsequent to the main list a list is presented that classifies the volcanoes into zones, systems and types.