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The Holocaust (/ ˈ h ɒ l ə k ɔː s t / ⓘ), [1] known in Hebrew as the Shoah (שואה), was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population.
During the height of the Holocaust from 1941 to 1943, the Jewish population of the concentration camps was low. [31] Extermination camps for the mass murder of Jews— Kulmhof , Belzec , Sobibor , and Treblinka —were set up outside the concentration camp system.
The question of how much knowledge German (and other European) civilians had about the Holocaust whilst it was happening has been studied and debated by historians. [2] [3] [4] In Nazi Germany, it was an open secret among the population by 1943, Peter Longerich argues, but some authors place it even earlier. [5]
The Holocaust "Güterwagen" wagon holding an average of 100 victims, occupied Poland There are many estimates of the total number of people murdered at Treblinka; most scholarly estimates range from 700,000 to 900,000, [ 7 ] [ 8 ] meaning that more Jews were murdered at Treblinka than at any other Nazi extermination camp except for Auschwitz ...
Hearing about Holocaust denial compelled former SS-Rottenführer Oskar Gröning to publicly speak about what he witnessed at Auschwitz, and denounce Holocaust deniers, [72] stating: I would like you to believe me. I saw the gas chambers. I saw the crematoria. I saw the open fires. I was on the ramp when the selections took place.
The Holocaust in Eastern Europe: At the Epicenter of the Final Solution. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-3219-7. Cesarani, David (2016). Final Solution: The Fate of the Jews 1933–1949. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0230768918. Dean, Martin C. (2020). "Survivors of the Holocaust within the Nazi Universe of Camps". A Companion to the Holocaust.
Nicholas Winton remained guarded about his work during the Holocaust, and it was only after his wife discovered a notebook of his work in 1988 did the world learn of his brave wartime efforts.
Yad Vashem Holocaust museum. Holocaust education is efforts, in either formal or informal settings, to teach about the Holocaust.Teaching and Learning about the Holocaust addresses didactics and learning, under the larger umbrella of education about the Holocaust, which also comprises curricula and textbooks studies.