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The Hangman's fracture which is a fracture of the C2 vertebral body or dens of the cervical spine upon which the skull base sits to allow the head to rotate, can also be associated with atlanto-occipital dislocation. Despite its eponym, the fracture is not usually associated with a hanging mechanism of injury. In popular culture
Facet syndrome. Facet syndrome is a syndrome in which the facet joints ( synovial diarthroses) cause painful symptoms. [1] In conjunction with degenerative disc disease, a distinct but functionally related condition, facet arthropathy is believed to be one of the most common causes of lower back pain. [2] [3]
Rheumatology. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis ( DISH) is a condition characterized by abnormal calcification/bone formation ( hyperostosis) of the soft tissues surrounding the joints of the spine, and also of the peripheral or appendicular skeleton. [1] In the spine, there is bone formation along the anterior longitudinal ligament and ...
A flexion teardrop fracture is a fracture of the anteroinferior aspect of a cervical vertebral body due to flexion of the spine along with vertical axial compression. [1] The fracture continues sagittally through the vertebral body, and is associated with deformity of the body and subluxation or dislocation of the facet joints at the injured ...
Exterior of labyrinth of the inner ear. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo ( BPPV) is a disorder arising from a problem in the inner ear. [3] Symptoms are repeated, brief periods of vertigo with movement, characterized by a spinning sensation upon changes in the position of the head. [1] This can occur with turning in bed or changing position ...
Cervical fracture. A fracture of the base of the dens (a part of C2) as seen on CT. A cervical fracture, commonly called a broken neck, is a fracture of any of the seven cervical vertebrae in the neck. Examples of common causes in humans are traffic collisions and diving into shallow water. Abnormal movement of neck bones or pieces of bone can ...
Connective tissue disease. Degenerative disc disease ( DDD) is a medical condition typically brought on by the normal aging process in which there are anatomic changes and possibly a loss of function of one or more intervertebral discs of the spine. [1] DDD can take place with or without symptoms, but is typically identified once symptoms arise.
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency ( VBI) describes a temporary set of symptoms due to decreased blood flow ( ischemia) in the posterior circulation of the brain. The posterior circulation supplies the medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum and (in 70-80% of people) supplies the posterior cerebellar artery to the thalamus and occipital cortex. [1]