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The Council of Trent (Latin: Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Prompted by the Protestant Reformation at the time, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation .
A session of the Council of Trent, from an engraving. Pope Paul III (1534–1549) is considered the first pope of the Counter-Reformation, [1] and he also initiated the Council of Trent (1545–1563), tasked with institutional reform, addressing contentious issues such as corrupt bishops and priests, the sale of indulgences, and other financial ...
The Canon of Trent is the list of books officially considered canonical at the Roman Catholic Council of Trent. A decree, the De Canonicis Scripturis , from the Council's fourth session (of 8 April 1546), issued an anathema on dissenters of the books affirmed in Trent.
Trento (Italian: ⓘ or; [3] Ladin and Lombard: Trent; German: Trient ⓘ; Cimbrian: Tria; [4] Mócheno: Trea't; Venetian: Trénto/Trènt; Latin: Tridentum), also known in English as Trent, [5] is a city on the Adige River in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy. It is the capital of the autonomous province of Trento
Charged with implementing the reforms dictated by the Council of Trent, Borromeo's uncompromising stance brought him into conflict with secular leaders, priests, and even the Pope. [9] He met with much opposition to his reforms. The governor of the province and many of the senators addressed complaints to the courts of Rome and Madrid. [2]
In 1542 Reginald Pole was appointed as one of the three papal legates to preside over the Council of Trent. In the papal conclave of 1549–50 which followed the death of Pope Paul III in 1549, Pole, at one point, had 26 out of the 28 votes he needed to become pope himself. [7]
However, the Council of Trent re-introduced the collaboration between theologians and council Fathers, and the next centuries leading up to the First and Second Vatican Councils were generally accepting of a broader role for the learned in the Church, although the popes still kept a close eye on theologians and intervened occasionally. [37]
He is chiefly notable for his role in the Council of Trent, the Counter-Reformation, and the standardization of the Roman Rite within the Latin Church, known as the Tridentine mass. Pius V declared Thomas Aquinas a Doctor of the Church .