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The destruction of the Penang Secretariat building by the Allied bombardment caused the loss of a large part of the British and Japanese records concerning Penang Island, complicating post-war efforts to compile a comprehensive history of Penang. [101] The Penang Strait was also mined as part of efforts to constrict Japanese shipping. [102]
Penang, like other Peninsular states, has Islam as its official religion. [2] Even so, Penang is one of two states in Malaysia where Islam is not in the majority, the other being Sarawak. As of 2020, Muslims constituted over 45% of Penang's population, followed by Buddhists at nearly 38%, Hindus at more than 8% and Christians at 4%. [1]
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The Supreme Court of Penang was first opened at Fort Cornwallis in the following year, with Edmond Stanley assuming office as its first Recorder (Judge). [26] [27] In the following decades, Penang's judiciary and police force were progressively extended to the whole of the Straits Settlements, and later copied throughout British Malaya.
Like in the rest of Malaysia, Malay is currently Penang's official language. The Malays and Jawi Peranakans in the city often use Bahasa Tanjong, a variant of the Kedah Malay dialect that is slightly modified to suit the conditions of a cosmopolitan society. [156] Meanwhile, the Tamils form the bulk of George Town's Indian community. [38]
Map of present-day Penang, a 1,049 km 2 (405 sq mi) state in Malaysia that contained a population of 572,100 as of 1957. [1] The Penang secessionist movement was a separatist movement whose objective was to achieve the independence of Penang from the Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia). Between 1948 and 1957, the movement was driven by ...
However, Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia almost two years later left George Town once again as the sole city in Malaysia until 1974 when Kuala Lumpur was granted city status. The merger of the George Town City Council with the Penang Island Rural District Council in 1974 sparked a debate over George Town's city status that lasted for decades.
The governor of Penang (Malay: Yang di-Pertua Negeri Pulau Pinang) is the head of state of the Malaysian state of Penang. The role of governor is largely ceremonial with the power vested in the executive branch of the state government led by the chief minister. Until the 18th century, the island of Penang was part of the Sultanate of Kedah.