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Cavernous hemangioma, also called cavernous angioma, venous malformation, or cavernoma, [1] [2] is a type of venous malformation due to endothelial dysmorphogenesis from a lesion which is present at birth. A cavernoma in the brain is called a cerebral cavernous malformation or CCM.
The terminology of hemangiomas has faced recommendations by the International Society for the Study of Vasular Anomalies to rename the lesions' as "venous malformations" to present consistent language for practitioners and patients. However, the term "vertebral hemangioma" remains dominant throughout the literature. [22] [23]
A hemangioma or haemangioma is a usually benign vascular tumor derived from blood vessel cell types. The most common form, seen in infants, is an infantile hemangioma , known colloquially as a "strawberry mark", most commonly presenting on the skin at birth or in the first weeks of life.
Infantile hemangiomas are the most common type of vascular tumor to affect babies, [4] accounting for 90% of hemangiomas. [5] They are characterised by the abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells and of deviant blood vessel formation or architecture. [6]
With intracranial hemangiomas, hemorrhages are seen frequently. Since shrinkage of organs, otherwise known as involution, is found with cutaneous hemangioma, it can be said that involution can be used to help diagnose diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis. Finally, there is no set therapy or treatment for intracranial hemangioma.
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a cavernous hemangioma that arises in the central nervous system.It can be considered to be a variant of hemangioma, and is characterized by grossly large dilated blood vessels and large vascular channels, less well circumscribed, and more involved with deep structures, with a single layer of endothelium and an absence of neuronal tissue within the lesions.
Contrast enhanced MRI of the conus medullaris and cauda equina of patient with VHL depicts a hemangioblastoma of the conus with extension into the nerve roots.
An infantile hemangioma (IH), sometimes called a strawberry mark due to appearance, is a type of benign vascular tumor or anomaly that affects babies. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Other names include capillary hemangioma , [ 6 ] " strawberry hemangioma ", [ 7 ] : 593 strawberry birthmark [ 8 ] and strawberry nevus .