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The 8.8 cm KwK 36 was derived from the 8.8 cm Flak 36 anti-aircraft gun by adapting/modifying it to the limited space available in tank turrets. Parts of the KwK 36 were built to practically the same design as the 75-millimetre (3.0 in) and 50-millimetre (2.0 in) guns already used in German tanks.
It was also discovered that two axis stabilisation was insufficient for accurate targeting of aircraft. Both problems were tackled with the subsequent gun carriage C/31 which mounted the 8.8 cm SK C/31 and its improved version the gun carriage C/32 which mounted the 8.8 cm SK C/32. [3] [2]
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The 8.8 cm Flak 18 (Sfl.) auf Zugkraftwagen 12t (Sd.Kfz. 8), also known as the Bunkerflak or Bufla, [1] was a German Wehrmacht half-track self-propelled gun developed before World War II and used in the first half of the war.
The 8.8 cm SK C/35 gun weighed 776 kilograms (1,711 lb) and had an overall length of 3.985 meters (13 ft 0.9 in) with a vertical sliding-block breech. The gun fired a 9.5 kg (21 lb) projectile 88 mm in diameter, and the barrel is sometimes described as 45 caliber .
Eventually these guns were replaced by the new 8.8 cm SK C/31 naval gun, 8.8 cm SK C/32 naval gun or the 10.5 cm Flak 38, with most ships being refitted by 1939. [ 6 ] During the 1930s surviving SK L/45 guns were modified to use the same ammunition as the 8.8 cm SK C/30 naval gun and had similar performance.
The SK C/30 had a barrel and breech end-piece with a half-length loose liner and a vertical sliding breech block. The SK C/30 guns were mounted on a hand-operated MPLC/30 mounting that had a total weight of 5,760 kilograms (12,700 lb) including a 15–10 millimetres (0.59–0.39 in) shield and a fuze-setting machine.
The 8.8 cm SK L/35 was a widely used naval gun on many classes of World War I battleships, cruisers and torpedo boats in both casemates and turrets. Its primary use on battleships and cruisers was as an anti-torpedo boat gun, while on torpedo boats it was their secondary armament. Ship classes that carried the 8.8 cm SK L/35 include: