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The birthday paradox is a veridical paradox: it seems wrong at first glance but is, in fact, true. While it may seem surprising that only 23 individuals are required to reach a 50% probability of a shared birthday, this result is made more intuitive by considering that the birthday comparisons will be made between every possible pair of ...
The name is based on the birthday paradox. Choose m birthdays in a year of n days. List the spacings between the birthdays. If j is the number of values that occur more than once in that list, then j is asymptotically Poisson-distributed with mean m 3 / (4n).
English: In probability theory, the birthday paradox concerns the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, some pair of them will have the same birthday. By the pigeonhole principle, the probability reaches 100% when the number of people reaches 367 (since there are 366 possible birthdays, including February 29).
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Bertrand's box paradox: A paradox of conditional probability closely related to the Boy or Girl paradox. Bertrand's paradox: Different common-sense definitions of randomness give quite different results. Birthday paradox: In a random group of only 23 people, there is a better than 50/50 chance two of them have the same birthday.
Intuitively, the algorithm combines the square root speedup from the birthday paradox using (classical) randomness with the square root speedup from Grover's (quantum) algorithm. First, n 1/3 inputs to f are selected at random and f is queried at all of them. If there is a collision among these inputs, then we return the colliding pair of inputs.
By Anthony Deutsch. AMSTERDAM (Reuters) -The head of the chemical weapons watchdog said on Thursday he would ask Syria's new leaders to grant investigators access to the country to continue work ...
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