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Napoleon Bonaparte [b] (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; [1] [c] 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military officer and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.
The Third of May 1808 by Francisco Goya, attacks Napoleon by showing Spanish resisters being executed by his soldiers.. In the political realm, historians debate whether Napoleon was "an enlightened despot who laid the foundations of modern Europe" or "a megalomaniac who wrought greater misery than any man before the coming of Hitler". [4]
Napoleon is often represented in his green colonel uniform of the Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture. The Napoleon Bonaparte Monument in Warsaw, Poland A French Empire mantel clock representing Mars and Venus, an allegory of the wedding of Napoleon I and Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria.
Napoleon at the Tuileries (French: Napoléon aux Tuileries) is an 1838 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It depicts Napoleon , Emperor of France , inspecting a parade of the Imperial Guard in the Place du Carrousel outside the Tuileries Palace in Paris around 1808.
The Campaigns of Napoleon (1973) 1172 pp; a detailed guide to all major battles excerpt and text search; Crowdy, Terry. Napoleon's Infantry Handbook (2015) Dupuy, Trevor N. and Dupuy, R. Ernest. The Encyclopedia of Military History (2nd edition 1970) pp 730–770; Elting, John R. Swords Around a Throne: Napoleon's Grand Armee (1988) Esdaile ...
Napoleon reconciled with the Catholic Church and asked for a chaplain, saying "it would rest my soul to hear Mass". [4] The pope petitioned the British to allow this, and sent the Abbé Ange Vignali to Saint Helena. On 20 April 1821, Napoleon told General Charles Tristan, "I was born in the Catholic religion. I wish to fulfill the duties it ...
Napoleon's tomb (French: tombeau de Napoléon) is the monument erected at Les Invalides in Paris to keep the remains of Napoleon following their repatriation to France from Saint Helena in 1840, or retour des cendres, at the initiative of King Louis Philippe I and his minister Adolphe Thiers.
The Crimean War ended in 1856, a victory for Napoleon III and a resulting peace that excluded Russia from the Black Sea. His son Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte was born the same year, which promised a continuation of the dynasty. [12] In 1859, Napoleon led France to war with Austria over Italy. France was victorious and gained Savoy and Nice.