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  2. Page table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_table

    The multilevel page table may keep a few of the smaller page tables to cover just the top and bottom parts of memory and create new ones only when strictly necessary. Now, each of these smaller page tables are linked together by a master page table, effectively creating a tree data structure. There need not be only two levels, but possibly ...

  3. Physical Address Extension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension

    The page table structure used by x86-64 CPUs when operating in long mode further extends the page table hierarchy to four or more levels, extending the virtual address space, and uses additional physical address bits at all levels of the page table, extending the physical address space.

  4. Hierarchical file system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_file_system

    The hierarchical file system was used instead of simply expanding the flat directory for performance reasons. "A flat DOS file structure with a single directory and 10 times as many files would logically require 10 times as long to search." [2] OS/2 and Windows also support a hierarchical file system, using the same path syntax as DOS.

  5. Memory paging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_paging

    Load the required data into the available page frame. Update the page table to refer to the new page frame. Return control to the program, transparently retrying the instruction that caused the page fault. When all page frames are in use, the operating system must select a page frame to reuse for the page the program now needs.

  6. List of file systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_systems

    HFS – Hierarchical File System, in use until HFS+ was introduced on Mac OS 8.1. Also known as Mac OS Standard format. Successor to Macintosh File System (MFS) & predecessor to HFS+; not to be confused with IBM's HFS provided with z/OS; HFS+ – Updated version of Apple's HFS, Hierarchical File System, supported on Mac OS 8.1 & above ...

  7. Page (computer memory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_(computer_memory)

    A system with a smaller page size uses more pages, requiring a page table that occupies more space. For example, if a 2 32 virtual address space is mapped to 4 KiB (2 12 bytes) pages, the number of virtual pages is 2 20 = (2 32 / 2 12). However, if the page size is increased to 32 KiB (2 15 bytes), only 2 17 pages are required. A multi-level ...

  8. Failed negotiations resulted in union members walking out on ...

    www.aol.com/news/failed-negotiations-resulted...

    Members of the union, who said they are fighting for fair wages and reductions in force and severance protections, told Fox News Digital that management has been stalling at the bargaining table ...

  9. Memory protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_protection

    A page table maps virtual memory to physical memory. There may be a single page table, a page table for each process, a page table for each segment, or a hierarchy of page tables, depending on the architecture and the OS. The page tables are usually invisible to the process.