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Le Viandier is one of the earliest and best-known recipe collections of the Middle Ages, along with the Latin-language Liber de Coquina (early 14th century, believed to contain recipes from France and Italy), the Catalan Llibre de Sent Soví (c. 1320), and the English The Forme of Cury (c. 1390).
The Forme of Cury (The Method of Cooking, cury from Old French queuerie, 'cookery') [2] is an extensive 14th-century collection of medieval English recipes.Although the original manuscript is lost, the text appears in nine manuscripts, the most famous in the form of a scroll with a headnote citing it as the work of "the chief Master Cooks of King Richard II".
A 1998 attempt to recreate medieval English "strong ale" using recipes and techniques of the era (albeit with the use of modern yeast strains) yielded a strongly alcoholic brew with original gravity of 1.091 (corresponding to a potential alcohol content over 9%) and "pleasant, apple-like taste".
More luxurious recipes include eggs, almonds, currants, sugar, saffron and orange flower water. Frumenty was served with meat as a pottage, traditionally with venison or even porpoise (considered a "fish" and therefore appropriate for Lent [1]). It was also frequently used as a subtlety, a dish between courses at a banquet.
Queen Esther and King Ahasuerus depicted dining on, among other things, a fish dish and a pretzel; illustration from Hortus deliciarum, Alsace, late 12th century.. Though various forms of dishes consisting of batter or dough cooked in fat, like crêpes, fritters and doughnuts were common in most of Europe, they were especially popular among Germans and known as krapfen (Old High German: "claw ...
Apicius, also known as De re culinaria or De re coquinaria (On the Subject of Cooking), is a collection of Roman cookery recipes, which may have been compiled in the fifth century CE, [1] or earlier. Its language is in many ways closer to Vulgar than to Classical Latin , with later recipes using Vulgar Latin (such as ficatum , bullire ) added ...
The titles are taken from marginal notes by the medieval editor. While the identity of both the authors is unknown, it is believed that the Tractatus was originally written by a French author and the Liber de Coquina by an Italian author from the Naples area. [citation needed]
Horsebread was a type of bread produced and consumed in medieval Europe. At the time, it was considered to be of low quality, made from a seasonal mix of legumes, such as dry split peas, and bran [1] along with other non-wheat cereal grains such as oats and rye, and acorns. It was one of the cheapest breads available.