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In 28 BC Augustus invalidated the emergency powers of the civil war era and in the following year announced that he was returning all his powers and provinces to the Senate and the Roman people. After senatorial uproar at this prospect, Augustus, feigning reluctance, accepted a ten-year responsibility for the "disordered provinces".
The Augustus of Prima Porta (Italian: Augusto di Prima Porta) is a full-length portrait statue of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. The statue was discovered on April 20, 1863, during archaeological excavations directed by Giuseppe Gagliardi at the Villa of Livia owned by Augustus' third and final wife, Livia Drusilla in Prima Porta .
Augustus' presence in the East immediately after the Battle of Actium, in 30-29 B.C. then from 22-19 B.C., as well as Agrippa's between 23-21 B.C. and again between 16-13 B.C., demonstrated the importance of this strategic area.
However, Maria Brosius explains that Augustus used the return of the standards as propaganda symbolizing the submission of Parthia to Rome. The event was celebrated in art such as the breastplate design on the statue Augustus of Prima Porta and in monuments such as the Temple of Mars Ultor ('Mars the Avenger') built to house the standards.
Augustus' final goal was to figure out a method to ensure an orderly succession. Under Augustus' constitution, the Senate and the People of Rome held the supreme power, and all of his special powers were granted for either a fixed term, or for life. Therefore, Augustus could not transfer his powers to a successor upon his death. [8]
The most famous piece of poetry in Augustus' time was Virgil's Aeneid, essentially narrating the birth of Rome through their founder Aeneas, a surviving Trojan warrior.. The poem is symbolic of the origin of the Roman people, and thus linking Augustus as a descendant of Aeneas, Virgil illustrated how Augustus had created a new thriving Rome and how integral he is to Roman culture
The consilium principis comprised Augustus, the consuls and 15 senators with lower ranking members rotating out of the body every six months, however, owing to Augustus' auctoritas and him being princeps the body fell under his auspices. Scullard reinforces this notion saying "In one important way he made the Senate more efficient and at the ...
The Principate was the form of imperial government of the Roman Empire from the beginning of the reign of Augustus in 27 BC to the end of the Crisis of the Third Century in AD 284, after which it evolved into the Dominate.