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The Second Triumvirate was an extraordinary commission and magistracy created at the end of the Roman republic for Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian to give them practically absolute power. It was formally constituted by law on [ 1 ] 27 November 43 BC with a term of five years; it was renewed in 37 BC for another five years before expiring in ...
The Second Triumvirate or tresviri reipublicae constituendae of Octavian (later Augustus), Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was formed in 43 BC by passage of the lex Titia. Created for a five-year term and renewed for another five years, it officially lasted until the last day of 33 BC or possibly into 27 BC.
With the triumvirate renewed in 38 BC, Antony returned to Athens in the winter with his new wife Octavia, the sister of Octavian. With the assassination of the Parthian king Orodes II by his son Phraates IV , who then seized the Parthian throne, in late 38 BC, Antony prepared to invade Parthia himself.
Movements of armies in the Battle of Philippi. The Battle of Philippi was the final battle in the Liberators' civil war between the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (of the Second Triumvirate) and the leaders of Julius Caesar's assassination, Brutus and Cassius, in 42 BC, at Philippi in Macedonia.
In 40 BCE, following the defeat of Caesar's assassins and the creation of a second triumvirate, Octavian and Antony divided the Illyrian area with the pact of Brindisi. Octavian received the northern part and the entire Roman West (apart from proconsular Africa , left to Marcus Aemilius Lepidus ), and Antony the southern part with Macedonia ...
But the triumvirate broke down when Octavian saw Caesarion, the professed son of Julius Caesar [1] and Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, as a major threat to his power. [2] This occurred when Mark Antony, the other most influential member of the triumvirate, abandoned his wife, Octavian's sister Octavia Minor.
The Liberators' civil war (43–42 BC) was started by the Second Triumvirate to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination.The war was fought by the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (the Second Triumvirate members, or Triumvirs) against the forces of Caesar's assassins, led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, referred to as the Liberatores.
For a time, Rome had peace. Octavian put down revolts in the west while Antony reorganized the east; however, the peace was short lived. Antony had been having an affair with the queen of Egypt, Cleopatra. Romans, especially Octavian, took note of Antony's actions. Since 40 BC, Antony had been married to Octavia Minor, the sister of Octavian.