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Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
When a bridge deck is installed in a through truss, it is sometimes called a floor system. [1] A suspended bridge deck will be suspended from the main structural elements on a suspension or arch bridge. On some bridges, such as a tied-arch or a cable-stayed, the deck is a primary structural element, carrying tension or compression to support ...
A tubular bridge is a bridge built as a rigid box girder section within which the traffic is carried. [26] Examples include the Britannia Bridge and the Conwy Railway Bridge in the United Kingdom. A skyway is a type of urban pedway consisting of an enclosed or covered footbridge between two buildings, designed to protect pedestrians from the ...
The narrow section at mid-span gives the bridge profile a slight arch shape making this design particularly useful when large headroom is required. The profile also makes the bridge more architecturally pleasing than a beam bridge. Rigid-frame design may be the most efficient bridge type for spans between 35 and 80 feet (11 and 24 m). [5]
Stone bridge parapet. Parapets on bridges and other highway structures (such as retaining walls) prevent users from falling off where there is a drop. [6] They may also be meant to restrict views, to prevent rubbish passing below, and to act as noise barriers.
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Inverted arches have also been added to existing bridges, to reinforce them after their banks start to slide inwards. Such a repair was applied to The Iron Bridge in the 1970s. Inverted arches are often used in conjunction with retaining walls. The arch provides a foundation for the walls and can resist the sideways forces upon them.
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