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  2. Tumescent anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumescent_anesthesia

    The most common combination of agents used in tumescent anesthesia is lidocaine (0.05-0.10%) and epinephrine (1 ppm). [3] [4] [5] For lidocaine, total doses of 35 mg/kg [6] and 55 mg/kg [7] have been reported as reasonably safe high-end doses, in the context of liposuction.

  3. Dental anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_anesthesia

    The epinephrine causes vasoconstriction which in turn reduces systemic distribution of the anesthetic as well as prolongs its action in addition to decreasing bleeding at the operating site. Lidocaine 2% with 1:100,000 adrenaline is the local anesthetic of choice in the treatment of pregnant women. [28]

  4. Lidocaine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidocaine

    Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication of the class Ib type. [7] This means it works by blocking sodium channels thus decreasing the rate of contractions of the heart. [10] [7] When injected near nerves, the nerves cannot conduct signals to or from the brain. [8] Lidocaine was discovered in 1946 and went on sale in 1948. [11]

  5. Intravenous regional anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous_regional...

    A high dose of local anesthetic, typically lidocaine or prilocaine without adrenaline, [6] is slowly injected as distally as possible into the exsanguinated limb. The veins are filled with the anesthetic, with the anesthetic setting into local tissue after approximately 6–8 minutes, after which the surgery, reduction , or manipulation of the ...

  6. Prilocaine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prilocaine

    It is used as a eutectic mixture with lidocaine, 50% w/w, as lidocaine/prilocaine. The mixture is an oil with a melting point of 18 °C (64 °F). A 5% emulsion preparation, containing 2.5% each of lidocaine/prilocaine, is marketed by APP Pharmaceuticals under the trade name EMLA (an abbreviation for eutectic mixture of local anesthetics). [3]

  7. Local anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthesia

    Topical anesthesia (surface) - Similar to topical gel numbing before getting injected with Lidocaine. Infiltration; Plexus block; Adverse effects depend on the local anesthetic method and site of administration discussed in depth in the local anesthetic sub-article, but overall, adverse effects can be:

  8. Local anesthetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthetic

    Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...

  9. Epineurial repair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epineurial_repair

    Group fasicular repair involves suturing group fascicles in the intraneural epineurium to line up the groups of fascicles. This is only applicable when fascicles are grouped. [5] Intraneural scarring due to the amount of dissection and manipulation of the repair is a potential result that may counteract the advantage of alignment of the ...

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