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In all, about 164,000 convicts were transported to the Australian colonies between 1788 and 1868 onboard 806 ships. Convicts were made up of English and Welsh (70%), Irish (24%), Scottish (5%), and the remaining 1% from the British outposts in India and Canada, Maoris from New Zealand, Chinese from Hong Kong, and slaves from the Caribbean.
John Giles Price (20 October 1808 – 27 March 1857), [1] was a colonial administrator in Australia. He served as the Civil Commandant of the convict settlement at Norfolk Island from August 1846 to January 1853, and later as Inspector-General of penal establishments in Victoria, during which he was "stoned to death" by angry and disgruntled prisoners.
Solomon Blay (or Bleay) (20 January 1816 – 18 August 1897) was an English convict transported to the Australian penal colony of Van Diemen's Land (present-day Tasmania). Once his sentence was served, he gained notoriety as a hangman in Hobart, and is believed to have hanged over 200 people in the course of a long career spanning from 1837 to ...
Australian Dictionary of Biography, Vol. 2. Hazzard, Margaret, Punishment Short of Death: a history of the penal settlement at Norfolk Island, Melbourne, Hyland, 1984. (ISBN 0-908090-64-1) (NO proof in this book to the outrageous statements) Hughes, Robert, The Fatal Shore, London, Pan, 1988.
James Hardy Vaux (c. 1782 - after 1841) [1] was an English-born convict transported to Australia on three separate occasions. He was the author of Memoirs of James Hardy Vaux including A Vocabulary of the Flash Language, first published in 1819, which is regarded as both the first full length autobiography and first dictionary written in ...
Ralph Entwistle (c. 1804–2 November 1830) was an English labourer who was transported to the British penal colony of New South Wales as a convict in 1827. As a member of the Ribbon Gang, his escape sparked the Bathurst Rebellion of 1830. He, along with nine of his gang members, were captured by police and executed in 1830.
George "The Barber" Clarke (1806 – 11 August 1835) was an English convict who was transported to Australia, escaped and became a notable bushranger while living with Aboriginal Australians in the Liverpool Plains district of New South Wales. He is famous for giving an exaggerated account to the colonial authorities of an immense river that ...
From 1816, penal transportation to Australia increased rapidly and the number of free settlers grew steadily. Van Diemen's Land became a separate colony in 1825, and free settlements were established at the Swan River Colony in Western Australia (1829), the Province of South Australia (1836), and in the Port Philip District (1836). The grazing ...