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  2. Historical capitals of China - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_capitals_of_China

    It was also briefly "provisional wartime capital" in 1937 during the Sino-Japanese war. Xanadu / Shangdu (上都; Shàngdū; 'Upper Capital'), located northwest of present-day Dolon Nor in Inner Mongolia, China, was the summer capital of the Yuan dynasty.

  3. Second Sino-Japanese War - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War

    The full-scale war began on 7 July 1937 with the Marco Polo Bridge incident near Beijing, which prompted a full-scale Japanese invasion of the rest of China. The Japanese captured the capital of Nanjing in 1937 and perpetrated the Nanjing Massacre.

  4. 10 Old Capitals of China: History, Famous Historical Cities

    www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/10-old-capitals.htm

    Unfortunately, an appalling massacre hit this old capital of China in 1937, a fatal blow to the economy and infrastructure of this China capital, prior to Beijing. Famous Historical Sites: Confucius Temple – 1,700 years; place of worship for Confucius, also China’s first highest imperial academy.

  5. Fall of Beijing, 1937China in WW2

    www.chinaww2.com/2014/07/29/fall-of-beijing-1937

    On July 29, 1937, China’s old imperial capital Beijing fell to Japanese forces. The image above shows the emperor’s troops marching through Qianmen gate into the city, officially called Beiping at the time.

  6. The Fall of Beijing, 1937 - Warfare History Network

    warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-fall-of-beijing-1937

    After the fall of the city, Japanese troops enter the Chinese capital of Beijing, then known as Beiping, through the gate at Chaoyangmen on August 8, 1937. These well-armed and highly disciplined soldiers had been fighting in China for some time, and the conflict on the Asian continent may indeed be considered the beginning of World War II.

  7. Beijing - Imperial Capital, Forbidden City, Great Wall |...

    www.britannica.com/place/Beijing/History

    Beijing - Imperial Capital, Forbidden City, Great Wall: With but few interruptions, Beijing has been the capital of China for some eight centuries, and in number of years as the imperial capital it is exceeded only by Xi’an (Chang’an) in Shaanxi province and Luoyang in Henan province.

  8. Nearby, in 1937, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident took place. Beijing’s capital status and its name were restored following the communist victory in 1949. It is China’s cultural and educational centre.

  9. Fall of Beijing, 1937 - Shanghai 1937

    www.shanghai1937.com/fall-of-beijing-1937

    On July 29, 1937, China’s old imperial capital Beijing fell to Japanese forces. The image to the left shows the emperor’s troops marching through Qianmen gate into the city, officially called Beiping at the time.

  10. What happened to Nanjing in 1937? - discoverchinaguide.com

    discoverchinaguide.com/what-happened-to-nanjing-in-1937

    Nanjing, the capital of China at the time, witnessed one of the most horrific events in its history in 1937. The city was invaded by the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13th, 1937, and what followed was a brutal massacre that shocked the world.

  11. Life in Chongqing, unlikely wartime capital of China, captured in...

    www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/books/article/3258514/life-chongqing...

    Deep inside China, in Szechuan (Sichuan) province, the city became the seat of Chiang Kai-shek’s government on November 20, 1937, when Chiang officially transferred China’s government from its...