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Osmium (from Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ) ' smell ') is a chemical element; it has symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element.
The characteristic properties of elemental metals and nonmetals are quite distinct, as shown in the table below. Metalloids, straddling the metal-nonmetal border , are mostly distinct from either, but in a few properties resemble one or the other, as shown in the shading of the metalloid column below and summarized in the small table at the top ...
Some metals that are generally described as ductile include gold and copper, while platinum is the most ductile of all metals in pure form. [4] However, not all metals experience ductile failure as some can be characterized with brittle failure like cast iron. Polymers generally can be viewed as ductile materials as they typically allow for ...
Ductile iron is used in many piano harps (the iron plates which anchor piano strings). Ductile iron is used for vises. Previously, regular cast iron or steel was commonly used. The properties of ductile iron make it a significant upgrade in strength and durability from cast iron without having to use steel, which is expensive and has poor ...
Physically, these metals are soft (or brittle), have poor mechanical strength, and usually have melting points lower than those of the transition metals. Being close to the metal-nonmetal border , their crystalline structures tend to show covalent or directional bonding effects, having generally greater complexity or fewer nearest neighbours ...
Osmium tetroxide is the most notable compound of osmium, having many uses. The name "osmium" even derives from Greek " ὀσμή, osme, 'smell'" because of the smell of osmium tetroxide. [12] It also has a number of unusual properties, one being that the solid is volatile. Its volatility, along with its strong oxidizing power, is the origin of ...
Intermetallic compounds are generally brittle at room temperature and have high melting points. Cleavage or intergranular fracture modes are typical of intermetallics due to limited independent slip systems required for plastic deformation. However, some intermetallics have ductile fracture modes such as Nb–15Al–40Ti.
Vanadium is an average-hard, ductile, steel-blue metal. It is electrically conductive and thermally insulating. Some sources describe vanadium as "soft", perhaps because it is ductile, malleable, and not brittle. [61] [62] Vanadium is harder than most metals and steels (see Hardnesses of the elements (data page) and iron).