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  2. GPS signals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPS_signals

    The receiver must be aware of the PRN codes for each satellite to reconstruct the actual message data. The C/A code, for civilian use, transmits data at 1.023 million chips per second, whereas the P code, for U.S. military use, transmits at 10.23 million chips per second.

  3. FTA receiver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTA_receiver

    A Viewsat Xtreme FTA receiver. A free-to-air or FTA Receiver is a satellite television receiver designed to receive unencrypted broadcasts. Modern decoders are typically compliant with the MPEG-4/DVB-S2 standard and formerly the MPEG-2/DVB-S standard, while older FTA receivers relied on analog satellite transmissions which have declined rapidly in recent years.

  4. Error analysis for the Global Positioning System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_analysis_for_the...

    This can be done in civilian receivers without decrypting the P(Y) signal carried on L2, by tracking the carrier wave instead of the modulated code. To facilitate this on lower cost receivers, a new civilian code signal on L2, called L2C, was added to the Block IIR-M satellites, which was first launched in 2005.

  5. List of transponder codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Transponder_Codes

    (VFR squawk code for airspace 5,000 feet (1,500 m) and below prior to 15 March 2007 when replaced by the international 7000 code for VFR traffic.) [5] 0022 Germany (VFR squawk code for airspace above 5,000 feet (1,500 m) – prior to 15 March 2007 when replaced by the international 7000 code for VFR traffic.) [5] 0025 Germany

  6. List of GPS satellites - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GPS_satellites

    A GPS receiver needs four satellites to work out its position in three dimensions. [1] SVNs are "space vehicle numbers" which are serial numbers assigned to each GPS satellite. PRNs are the "pseudo-random noise" sequences, or Gold codes, that each satellite transmits to differentiate itself from other satellites in the active constellation.

  7. Time to first fix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_to_first_fix

    Each satellite broadcasts its ephemeris data every 30 seconds with validity of up to 4 hours. Hot or standby The receiver has valid time, position, almanac, and ephemeris data, enabling a rapid acquisition of satellite signals. The time required of a receiver in this state to calculate a position fix may also be termed time to subsequent fix ...

  8. Transponder (satellite communications) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transponder_(satellite...

    A communications satellite's transponder is the series of interconnected units that form a communications channel between the receiving and the transmitting antennas. [1] It is mainly used in satellite communication to transfer the received signals. A transponder is typically composed of: an input band-limiting device (an input band-pass filter),

  9. Traffic message channel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_message_channel

    An RDS-TMC receiver is a special FM radio tuner that can decode TMC data. Satellite TMC receivers use a dedicated data channel that is broadcast as part of much larger broadcast digital audio channels. TMC data is decoded by matching event and location codes against look-up tables of phrases and locations.