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The pope derives his pontificate from being the bishop of Rome but is not required to live there; according to the Latin formula ubi Papa, ibi Curia, wherever the pope resides is the central government of the Church.
The titles of the Bishop of Rome, more often referred to as the papal titles, [note 1] refer to the various titles used by protocol, as a form of addressing or designating a theological or secular reality of the Bishop of Rome (Pope). The Catholic Church believes that they "constitute what has been termed a primacy of honor.
Pope is a religious title traditionally accorded to the Bishop of Rome, the Coptic and the Greek Orthodox bishops of Alexandria, and some leaders of other ecclesial communities. Popes may also claim the title patriarch. Both terms come from the Greek πάππας (English: father).
Pope Leo I (440–461), also called Leo the Great, was so influential that he was later named a Doctor of the Church, a distinction he shares with only one other pope (Gregory I). During his papacy, the term Pope (which previously meant any bishop) came to exclusively mean the Bishop of Rome. [14]
These proclamations did not create the office of the pope, but from the 6th century onward the bishop of Rome's power and prestige increased so dramatically that the title of "pope" (from greek pappàs, "father") began to fit the bishop of Rome best. [31] [citation not found]
From the early 6th century, it began to be confined in the West to the Bishop of Rome, a practice that was firmly in place by the 11th century, when Pope Gregory VII declared it reserved for the Bishop of Rome. [citation needed] As bishop of the Church of Rome, he is successor to the co-patrons of that local church, Saint Peter and Saint Paul. [27]
Cyprian (died 258) says that Pope Cornelius (in office 251–253) was chosen as Bishop of Rome "by the decree of God and of His Church, by the testimony of nearly all the clergy, by the college of aged bishops [sacerdotum], and of good men". [14] As in other dioceses, the clergy of the Diocese of Rome was the electoral body for the Bishop of Rome.
The official style of the Catholic pope in English is "His Holiness Pope [papal name]". 'Holy Father' is another honorific often used for popes. The full title, rarely used, of the Catholic pope in English is: "His Holiness [papal name], Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and ...