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  2. Phase-change material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-change_material

    A phase-change material (PCM) is a substance which releases/absorbs sufficient energy at phase transition to provide useful heat or cooling. Generally the transition will be from one of the first two fundamental states of matter - solid and liquid - to the other.

  3. GeSbTe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeSbTe

    GeSbTe (germanium-antimony-tellurium or GST) is a phase-change material from the group of chalcogenide glasses used in rewritable optical discs and phase-change memory applications. Its recrystallization time is 20 nanoseconds, allowing bitrates of up to 35 Mbit /s to be written and direct overwrite capability up to 10 6 cycles.

  4. Phase diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_diagram

    A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases (such as solid, liquid or gaseous states) occur and coexist at equilibrium.

  5. Cooling curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_curve

    When the phase change occurs, there is a "thermal arrest"; that is, the temperature stays constant. This is because the matter has more internal energy as a liquid or gas than in the state that it is cooling to. The amount of energy required for a phase change is known as latent heat. The "cooling rate" is the slope of the cooling curve at any ...

  6. Stefan problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_problem

    The classical Stefan problem deals with stationary materials with constant thermophysical properties (usually irrespective of phase), a constant phase change temperature and, in the example above, an instantaneous switch from the initial temperature to a distinct value at the boundary.

  7. Continuous cooling transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_cooling...

    These diagrams are used to represent which types of phase changes will occur in a material as it is cooled at different rates. These diagrams are often more useful than time-temperature-transformation diagrams because it is more convenient to cool materials at a certain rate (temperature-variable cooling), than to cool quickly and hold at a ...

  8. List of states of matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_of_matter

    Metallic and insulating states of materials can be considered as different quantum phases of matter connected by a metal-insulator transition. Materials can be classified by the structure of their Fermi surface and zero-temperature dc conductivity as follows: [4] Metal: Fermi liquid: a metal with well-defined quasiparticle states at the Fermi ...

  9. List of materials properties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_materials_properties

    A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.