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The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) is a good example of an amphibolic pathway because it functions in both the degradative (carbohydrate, protein, and fatty acid) and biosynthetic processes. [2] The citric acid cycle occurs on the cytosol of bacteria and within the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
The degradative process of a catabolic pathway provides the energy required to conduct the biosynthesis of an anabolic pathway. [6] In addition to the two distinct metabolic pathways is the amphibolic pathway, which can be either catabolic or anabolic based on the need for or the availability of energy.
A salvage pathway is a pathway in which a biological product is produced from intermediates in the degradative pathway of its own or a similar substance. The term often refers to nucleotide salvage in particular, in which nucleotides ( purine and pyrimidine ) are synthesized from intermediates in their degradative pathway.
3D model of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endocannaboid. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a biological system composed of endocannabinoids, which are neurotransmitters that bind to cannabinoid receptors, and cannabinoid receptor proteins that are expressed throughout the central nervous system (including the brain) and peripheral nervous system.
A degradative enzyme is an enzyme (in a broader sense a protein) which degrades biological molecules. Some examples of degradative enzymes: Lipase, which digests lipids, [1] Carbohydrases, which digest carbohydrates (e.g., sugars), [2] Proteases, which digest proteins, [3] [4] Nucleases, which digest nucleic acids.
Dopaminergic pathways (dopamine pathways, dopaminergic projections) in the human brain are involved in both physiological and behavioral processes including movement, cognition, executive functions, reward, motivation, and neuroendocrine control. [1] Each pathway is a set of projection neurons, consisting of individual dopaminergic neurons.
He eventually left his post at the rehabilitation facility in 2011. “I was stuck in an abstinence model that didn’t work,” Kalfas said. Administrators of the facility “really need to be confronted with their success rates. In AA, the definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a different result.
The polyol pathway is a two-step process that converts glucose to fructose. [1] In this pathway glucose is reduced to sorbitol, which is subsequently oxidized to fructose. It is also called the sorbitol-aldose reductase pathway. The pathway is implicated in diabetic complications, especially in microvascular damage to the retina, [2] kidney, [3 ...