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Subfalcine herniation on CT. In cingulate or subfalcine herniation, the most common type, the innermost part of the frontal lobe is scraped under part of the falx cerebri, the dura mater at the top of the head between the two hemispheres of the brain. [8] [13] Cingulate herniation can be caused when one hemisphere swells and pushes the ...
Midline shift is a shift of the brain past its center line. [1] The sign may be evident on neuroimaging such as CT scanning . [ 1 ] The sign is considered ominous because it is commonly associated with a distortion of the brain stem that can cause serious dysfunction evidenced by abnormal posturing and failure of the pupils to constrict in ...
The grey area in the top right is organizing hematoma, causing midline shift and compression of the ventricle. Non-contrast CT scan of a traumatic acute hematoma in the right fronto-temporal area. A diagram showing an epidural hematoma.
Patients may have a history of loss of consciousness but they recover and do not relapse. Clinical onset occurs over hours. Complications include focal neurologic deficits depending on the site of hematoma and brain injury, increased intracranial pressure leading to herniation of brain and ischemia due to reduced blood supply and seizures.
The falx cerebri is a strong, crescent-shaped sheet of dura mater lying in the sagittal plane between the two cerebral hemispheres. [3] It is one of four dural partitions of the brain along with the falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli, and diaphragma sellae; it is formed through invagination of the dura mater into the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres.
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An increase in pressure, most commonly due to head injury leading to intracranial hematoma or cerebral edema, can crush brain tissue, shift brain structures, contribute to hydrocephalus, cause brain herniation, and restrict blood supply to the brain. [13] It is a cause of reflex bradycardia. [14]
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