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A further consequence of damage to the endothelium is the release of pathological quantities of von Willebrand factor, which promote platelet aggregation and adhesion to the subendothelium, and thus the formation of potentially fatal thrombi. Angiosarcoma is cancer of the endothelium and is rare with only 300 cases per year in the US. [29]
Endothelial dysfunction may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis [5] [6] [7] and may predate vascular pathology. [5] [8] Endothelial dysfunction may also lead to increased adherence of monocytes and macrophages, as well as promoting infiltration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the vessel wall. [9]
The chronic endothelial injury hypothesis is one of two major mechanisms postulated to explain the underlying cause of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD), the other being the lipid hypothesis. Although an ongoing debate involving connection between dietary lipids and CHD sometimes portrays the two hypotheses as being opposed, they ...
Halibut is a heart-healthy dish that is known to reduce inflammation and benefit the immune system. "Halibut is also a good source of vitamin B6, which is beneficial for immune, nerve and liver ...
When endothelium of a blood vessel is damaged, the endothelial cells stop secretion of coagulation and aggregation inhibitors and instead secrete von Willebrand factor, which initiates the maintenance of hemostasis after injury. These processes seal the injury or hole until tissues are healed.
This results in tissue damage to the endothelium because of proteases, oxygen radicals, prostanoids and other substances from leukocytes. Kupffer cell activation contributes to pathogenesis of both chronic and acute alcoholic liver disease in response to ethanol-induced liver injury, common in chronic alcoholics.
"In reality," he said, "foodborne illnesses can lead to severe and long-lasting health issues, hospitalization or even death, especially for vulnerable populations like the immunocompromised ...
Because of the infusion of lipids into the sub-endothelium, the repair has to end up with altered remodeling of the local endothelium. This is the manifestation of a misrepair. This altered remodeling increases the susceptibility of the local endothelium to damage and reduces its repair efficiency.