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The cooling produced in the Joule–Thomson expansion makes it a valuable tool in refrigeration. [8] [20] The effect is applied in the Linde technique as a standard process in the petrochemical industry, where the cooling effect is used to liquefy gases, and in many cryogenic applications (e.g. for the production of liquid oxygen, nitrogen, and ...
The Joule effect (during Joule expansion), the temperature change of a gas (usually cooling) when it is allowed to expand freely. The Joule–Thomson effect , the temperature change of a gas when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment.
This Thomson effect was predicted and later observed in 1851 by Lord Kelvin (William Thomson). [9] It describes the heating or cooling of a current-carrying conductor with a temperature gradient. If a current density J {\displaystyle \mathbf {J} } is passed through a homogeneous conductor, the Thomson effect predicts a heat production rate per ...
The Joule-Thomson (JT) cooler was invented by Carl von Linde and William Hampson so it is also called the Linde-Hampson cooler. It is a simple type of cooler which is widely applied as cryocooler or as the (final stage) of coolants. It can easily be miniaturized, but it is also used on a very large scale in the liquefaction of natural gas.
This page was last edited on 15 April 2017, at 14:10 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may ...
This temperature change is known as the Joule–Thomson effect, and is exploited in the liquefaction of gases. Inversion temperature depends on the nature of the gas. For a van der Waals gas we can calculate the enthalpy using statistical mechanics as
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Whereas the Siemens cycle has the gas do external work to reduce its temperature, the Hampson–Linde cycle relies solely on the Joule–Thomson effect; this has the advantage that the cold side of the cooling apparatus needs no moving parts. [1]