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Hitler would not name any successors to hold his titles of Führer or leader of the Nazi Party. [184] Furthermore, Hitler declared both Göring and Himmler traitors and expelled them from the party. He committed suicide on 30 April. [185] On 1 May, the day after Hitler's own suicide, Goebbels committed suicide. [186]
Upon the death of Paul von Hindenburg in August 1934, the office was left vacant, with Adolf Hitler becoming head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler (retroactively approved by a referendum). In April–May 1945, Karl Dönitz briefly became President upon the suicide of Hitler (in accordance with Hitler's last will and testament).
The office was created in the North German Confederation in 1867, [3] when Otto von Bismarck became the first chancellor. With the unification of Germany and establishment of the German Empire in 1871, the Confederation evolved into a German nation-state and its leader became known as the chancellor of Germany. [ 4 ]
Chancellor Adolf Hitler assumed the duties of head of state as Führer and Chancellor from 1934 until his suicide in April 1945. In 1949, Germany was divided into two states. The Federal President, head of state of West Germany, became head of state for all of Germany following German reunification in 1990.
In 1934, after the death of President Hindenburg, Adolf Hitler, who was already chancellor, assumed the powers of the presidency [2] as Führer und Reichskanzler ("Leader and Chancellor"). In his last will in April 1945, Hitler named Karl Dönitz president, thus briefly reviving the presidential office until just after the German surrender in ...
Adolf Hitler [a] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, [c] becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934.
Hitler's rise to power was completed in August 1934 when, after Hindenburg's death, Hitler merged the chancellery with the presidency into the title of Führer ("leader"). Hitler's rise to power was aided by his willingness to use violence in advancing his political objectives and to recruit party members willing to do the same.
Führer (/ ˈ f jʊər ər / FURE-ər ⓘ, spelled Fuehrer when the umlaut is unavailable) is a German word meaning "leader" or "guide".As a political title, it is strongly associated with Adolf Hitler, the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945.