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  2. Controversies in autism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controversies_in_autism

    The pathology paradigm is the traditional view of autism through a biomedical lens, in which it is seen as a disorder characterized by various impairments, mainly in communication and social interaction. [34] [35] Those taking this perspective believe that autism is generally a harmful dysfunction. [33]

  3. Neurodiversity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodiversity

    The neurodiversity paradigm is controversial in autism advocacy. The dominant paradigm, the medical model of disability holds that neurodivergent individuals have medical conditions which should be treated. The neurodiversity paradigm, under the understanding that differences in neural function are natural variations in function, suggests that ...

  4. Societal and cultural aspects of autism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societal_and_cultural...

    Societal and cultural aspects of autism or sociology of autism [1] come into play with recognition of autism, approaches to its support services and therapies, and how autism affects the definition of personhood. [2] The autistic community is divided primarily into two camps; the autism rights movement and the pathology paradigm.

  5. History of autism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_autism

    The history of autism spans over a century; [1] autism has been subject to varying treatments, being pathologized or being viewed as a beneficial part of human neurodiversity. [2] The understanding of autism has been shaped by cultural, scientific, and societal factors, and its perception and treatment change over time as scientific ...

  6. Nick Walker (scholar) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Walker_(scholar)

    Walker initially began writing about neurodiversity and developing her conceptualization of the neurodiversity paradigm in 2003, in online autistic activist forums. Her first piece on the neurodiversity paradigm to appear in print was the essay “Throw Away the Master’s Tools: Liberating Ourselves from the Pathology Paradigm”, published in 2012.

  7. For example, at the genetic level, about 5 percent of the variance in autism can be attributed to rare genetic variants/mutations, many of which cause not just autism but also severe developmental delays (disorder), whilst about 50 percent of the variance in autism can be attributed to common genetic variants such as single nucleotide ...

  8. Pivotal response treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivotal_response_treatment

    Pivotal response treatment (PRT), also referred to as pivotal response training, is a naturalistic form of applied behavior analysis used as an early intervention for children with autism that was invented by Robert Koegel and Lynn Kern Koegel. PRT advocates contend that behavior hinges on "pivotal" behavioral skills—motivation and the ...

  9. Paradigm shift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm_shift

    A paradigm shift is a fundamental change in the basic concepts and experimental practices of a scientific discipline. It is a concept in the philosophy of science that was introduced and brought into the common lexicon by the American physicist and philosopher Thomas Kuhn .