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  2. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    In general, if an increase of x percent is followed by a decrease of x percent, and the initial amount was p, the final amount is p (1 + 0.01 x)(1 − 0.01 x) = p (1 − (0.01 x) 2); hence the net change is an overall decrease by x percent of x percent (the square of the original percent change when expressed as a decimal number).

  3. Duodecimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal

    The duodecimal system, also known as base twelve or dozenal, is a positional numeral system using twelve as its base.In duodecimal, the number twelve is denoted "10", meaning 1 twelve and 0 units; in the decimal system, this number is instead written as "12" meaning 1 ten and 2 units, and the string "10" means ten.

  4. Quinary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinary

    Quinary (base 5 or pental [1] [2] [3]) is a numeral system with five as the base.A possible origination of a quinary system is that there are five digits on either hand.. In the quinary place system, five numerals, from 0 to 4, are used to represent any real number.

  5. Fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

    To change a common fraction to decimal notation, do a long division of the numerator by the denominator (this is idiomatically also phrased as "divide the denominator into the numerator"), and round the result to the desired precision. For example, to change ⁠ 1 / 4 ⁠ to a decimal expression, divide 1 by 4 (" 4 into 1 "), to obtain exactly ...

  6. List of numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numeral_systems

    The Natural Area Code, this is the smallest base such that all of ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ to ⁠ 1 / 6 ⁠ terminate, a number n is a regular number if and only if ⁠ 1 / n ⁠ terminates in base 30. 32: Duotrigesimal: Found in the Ngiti language. 33: Use of letters (except I, O, Q) with digits in vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong. 34

  7. Fixed-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_arithmetic

    A fixed-point representation of a fractional number is essentially an integer that is to be implicitly multiplied by a fixed scaling factor. For example, the value 1.23 can be stored in a variable as the integer value 1230 with implicit scaling factor of 1/1000 (meaning that the last 3 decimal digits are implicitly assumed to be a decimal fraction), and the value 1 230 000 can be represented ...

  8. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate; mathematically, the bottom line should be the same as the top line, in 'fp-math' the step '1 + 1/9000' leads to a rounding up as the first bit of the 14 bit tail '10111000110010' of the mantissa falling off the table when adding 1 is a '1', this up-rounding is not undone when subtracting the 1 again, since there is no ...

  9. Numeral system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_system

    For example, "11" represents the number eleven in the decimal or base-10 numeral system (today, the most common system globally), the number three in the binary or base-2 numeral system (used in modern computers), and the number two in the unary numeral system (used in tallying scores). The number the numeral represents is called its value.