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Exploded-view diagram showing the IMF Reference Standard Professional Monitor Mk IV speaker by renowned transmission line loudspeaker pioneer John Wright (of IMF/TDL), from the 1970s. The complex shape of the transmission line allowed a full frequency range of 17 Hz to "beyond audibility" and loudspeaker sensitivity of 80 dB (specified as 96 dB ...
The frequency F s and the frequencies above and below it where the impedance is 1 / √ 2 Z max are important in determining the loudspeaker's T/S parameters. These can be used, for example, to design a suitable enclosure for the driver, especially for low frequency drivers. In fact F s is itself one of the Thiele/Small parameters.
Two types of dome-type phase plug: one with radial slits and one with concentric ring slits, also called annular or circumferential. In horn loudspeakers, the phase plug serves to carry sound waves out from all areas of the compression driver diaphragm through the compression chamber to the horn throat such that each pulse of sound reaches the throat as one coherent wave front. [9]
A coaxial loudspeaker is a loudspeaker system in which the individual driver units radiate sound from the same point or axis. Two general types exist: one is a compact design using two or three speaker drivers, usually in car audio, and the other is a two-way high-power design for professional audio, also known as single-source or dual-concentric loudspeakers. [1]
Loudspeaker acoustics is a subfield of acoustical engineering concerned with the design of loudspeakers. [1] It focuses on the reproduction of sound and the parameters involved in doing so in actual equipment.
Sound from an array spreads less than sound from a point source, by the Huygens–Fresnel principle applied to diffraction.. While a large loudspeaker is naturally more directional because of its large size, a source with equivalent directivity can be made by utilizing an array of traditional small loudspeakers, all driven together in-phase.
Small [1] [2] and Hurlburt [3] have published the results of research into the analysis and design of passive-radiator loudspeaker systems. The passive-radiator principle was identified as being particularly useful in compact systems where vent realization is difficult or impossible, but it can also be applied satisfactorily to larger systems.
A horn loudspeaker is a loudspeaker or loudspeaker element which uses an acoustic horn to increase the overall efficiency of the driving element(s). A common form (right) consists of a compression driver which produces sound waves with a small metal diaphragm vibrated by an electromagnet, attached to a horn, a flaring duct to conduct the sound waves to the open air.