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This article starts with a description of developmental stage theories and how they relate to a life course perspective on aging, followed by a brief description of the “classic aging pattern,” cognitive plasticity, and cognitive reserve.
There are countless theories as to why and how we age, but, until recently, the very definition of aging – senescence – was still uncertain. Here, we summarize the main views of the different models of senescence, with a special emphasis on the biochemical processes that accompany aging.
Contemporary theories of aging highlight psychosocial resources and psychological processes as important modifiers of associations among early-life contexts, socioeconomic factors, and health outcomes in later life.
biology, psychology and the social sciences. 1. Theory Building in Aging 1.1 Historical De−elopment of Theories of Aging Early gerontologists looked for conceptual frame-works that might explain human aging by looking at popular and ancient models, including the bible, Sanskrit, medieval allegories, other ancient texts and
This article presents a summary overview of the most distinctive psychological theories of aging since World War II.
‘The psychology of ageing’ reviews different ways of studying changes in functioning: cross-sectional, longitudinal, and sequential study designs; the varying psychological theories of ageing, including the disengagement theory, activity theory, continuity theory, socioemotional selectivity theory, convoy theory, and social identity theory ...
Jopp et al. found that, compared to existing psychological theories, laypersons’ view on successful aging indeed reveals more subdimensions, encompassing health, activities, social relations, finances and psychological resources (such as well-being), and attitudes and life management skills.
Significant advances have taken place in our theoretical understanding of how and why certain components of cognitive functioning are or are not affected by aging. We also know much more now than we did 50 years ago about the underlying neural mechanisms of these changes.
Psychological theories of health and aging explain and predict health during the aging process using psychological (and other) variables and constructs. They can be used to design, evaluate, and refine interventions to promote health in later life.
This entry outlined the relevant theories on health and aging originating from different psychological disciplines such as life-span developmental psychology, health psychology, or health-related quality of life research.