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Only a few broad, overarching theories attempt to explain why we and nearly all living organisms age. These theories compete with each other, making it unlikely that more than one of them could be true. Over time, some theories have fallen out of favor as others have become more widely accepted.
Research on aging is constantly evolving and includes a variety of studies involving genetics, biochemistry, animal models, and human longitudinal studies (NIA, 2011a). According to Jin (2010), modern biological theories of human aging involve two categories.
There are countless theories as to why and how we age, but, until recently, the very definition of aging – senescence – was still uncertain. Here, we summarize the main views of the different models of senescence, with a special emphasis on the biochemical processes that accompany aging.
Theories of ageing have been debated since the time of the ancient Greeks, and researchers now feel that no one theory exists that explains all aspects of ageing. Instead several theories may be combined to explain various aspects of the complex phenomena we call ageing .
Biologic Age: determined by intracellular and molecular processes – how old a person seems. Heterogeneity of Aging: individuals within a species age at different rates; different organs may age at different rates within a single individual. Cellular or Replicative Senescence: when diploid cells cease to divide.
Despite significant progress in extending average human life expectancy, the process of aging remains largely elusive and, unfortunately, inevitable. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current theories of aging and the approaches to understanding it.
Modern biological theories of aging in humans currently fall into two main categories: programmed and damage or error theories.