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In general, if an increase of x percent is followed by a decrease of x percent, and the initial amount was p, the final amount is p (1 + 0.01 x)(1 − 0.01 x) = p (1 − (0.01 x) 2); hence the net change is an overall decrease by x percent of x percent (the square of the original percent change when expressed as a decimal number).
Conversely, if is a normal deviate with parameters and , then this distribution can be re-scaled and shifted via the formula = / to convert it to the standard normal distribution. This variate is also called the standardized form of X {\textstyle X} .
Naturally occurring titanium (22 Ti) is composed of five stable isotopes; 46 Ti, 47 Ti, 48 Ti, 49 Ti and 50 Ti with 48 Ti being the most abundant (73.8% natural abundance).Twenty-one radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 44 Ti with a half-life of 60 years, 45 Ti with a half-life of 184.8 minutes, 51 Ti with a half-life of 5.76 minutes, and 52 Ti with a half-life of ...
In mathematics, the logarithm of a number is the exponent by which another fixed value, the base, must be raised to produce that number.For example, the logarithm of 1000 to base 10 is 3, because 1000 is 10 to the 3 rd power: 1000 = 10 3 = 10 × 10 × 10.