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Glipizide, sold under the brand name Glucotrol among others, is an anti-diabetic medication of the sulfonylurea class used to treat type 2 diabetes. [1] [2] It is used together with a diabetic diet and exercise. [1] [2] It is not indicated for use by itself in type 1 diabetes. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth.
Glimepiride is an antidiabetic medication within the sulfonylurea class, primarily prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes. [1] [2] It is regarded as a second-line option compared to metformin, due to metformin's well-established safety and efficacy. [1]
[32] [33] Exenatide has only 53% homology with GLP, which increases its resistance to degradation by DPP-4 and extends its half-life. [34] A 2011 Cochrane review showed a HbA1c reduction of 0.20% more with Exenatide 2 mg compared to insulin glargine, exenatide 10 μg twice daily, sitagliptin and pioglitazone. [ 27 ]
Whether use in pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe is unclear. [10] It is in the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class and works by increasing the production of insulin and decreasing the production of glucagon by the pancreas. [8] Sitagliptin was developed by Merck & Co. and approved for medical use in the United States in 2006. [8]
It is generally not recommended during pregnancy but can be used during breastfeeding. [3] It is in the sulfonylureas class of medications and works by increasing the release of insulin from the pancreas. [1] Glibenclamide was discovered in 1969 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1984. [4] [1] It is available as a generic ...
The elimination half-life, bioavailability, protein binding, the blood concentration Cmax at time tmax, and other pharmacokinetic parameters of various medications of this class are present in table 2. These medications are excreted in the urine as inactive metabolites.
Alogliptin, sold under the brand names Nesina and Vipidia, [2] [3] is an oral anti-diabetic drug in the DPP-4 inhibitor (gliptin) class. [4] Like other members of the gliptin class, it causes little or no weight gain, exhibits relatively little risk of hypoglycemia, and has relatively modest glucose-lowering activity. [1]
Ertugliflozin is a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor [3] [4] and is in the class of drugs known as gliflozins. [5] In the United States, it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as a monotherapy and as a fixed dose combination with either sitagliptin or with metformin. [6]