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Cultural pluralism can be practiced at varying degrees by a group or an individual. [5] A prominent example of pluralism is the United States, in which a dominant culture with strong elements of nationalism, a sporting culture, and an artistic culture contained also smaller groups with their own ethnic, religious, and cultural norms. [citation ...
It can be influenced by their job or occupational trajectory, geographic location, family history and mobility, leisure or occupational travel, personal interests or experience with media. The term pluricultural competence is a consequence of the idea of plurilingualism. [4] [5] [6] There is a distinction between pluriculturalism and ...
Multiculturalism is the coexistence of multiple cultures. The word is used in sociology, in political philosophy, and colloquially. In sociology and everyday usage, it is usually a synonym for ethnic or cultural pluralism [1] in which various ethnic and cultural groups exist in a single society. It can describe a mixed ethnic community area ...
Article 2 identifies cultural pluralism ("policies for the inclusion and participation of all citizens") as a policy response to, and promoter of, cultural diversity. Article 3 identifies cultural diversity as one of the roots of development, where "development" means individual flourishing as well as the growth of an economy.
Multicultural particularism is the belief that a common culture for all people is either undesirable or impossible. [1] In discussions of multiculturalism, historian and educator Diane Ravitch draws a distinction between what she terms "pluralistic" and "particularistic" varieties and suggests that other writers often blur or ignore this distinction.
Supporters of polyculturalism oppose multiculturalism, arguing that the latter's emphasis on difference and separateness is divisive [3] [4] and harmful to social cohesion. [5] Polyculturalism was the subject of the 2001 book Everybody Was Kung Fu Fighting: Afro-Asian Connections and the Myth of Cultural Purity by Vijay Prashad. [6]
Interculturalism is a political movement that supports cross-cultural dialogue and challenging self-segregation tendencies within cultures. [1] Interculturalism involves moving beyond mere passive acceptance of multiple cultures existing in a society and instead promotes dialogue and interaction between cultures. [2]
Transculturalism locates relationships of power in terms of language and history. [9] Transculturalism is deeply suspicious of itself and of all utterances. Its claim to knowledge is always redoubtable, self-reflexive, and self-critical. [9] Transculturalism can never eschew the force of its own precepts and the dynamic that is culture. [9]