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Map showing the borders of the Balkan states before and after both Balkan Wars.. The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, [1] which still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.
However, after the Congress of Berlin (1878) there was a political need for a new term and gradually "the Balkans" was revitalized, but in the maps, the northern border was in Serbia and Montenegro and Greece was not included (it only depicted the Ottoman occupied parts of Europe), while Yugoslavian maps also included Croatia and Bosnia.
1880 ethnographic map of the Balkans. In October 1912, during the First Balkan War, Serbian and Montenegrin troops seized Sandžak, which was then divided between the two countries. [citation needed] This led to the displacement of many Slavic Muslims and Albanians, who migrated to Ottoman Turkey as muhajir. [citation needed]
The History of the Balkan Peninsula; From the Earliest Times to the Present Day (1966) Stanković, Vlada, ed. (2016). The Balkans and the Byzantine World before and after the Captures of Constantinople, 1204 and 1453. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1-4985-1326-5. Stavrianos, L.S. The Balkans Since 1453 (1958), major scholarly history; online free to ...
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The 2000s (2000–2009) The 2010s (2010–2019) The 2020s (2020–present) These articles are for the regular weekly issues of TV Guide, and do not include any one-time-only special issues. The lists include covers that are national or regional in nature, as well as any covers that were available exclusively to subscribers.
The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro) against the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan states' combined armies overcame the initially numerically inferior (significantly superior by the end of the conflict) and strategically ...
Bobroff, Ronald. (2000) "Behind the Balkan Wars: Russian Policy toward Bulgaria and the Turkish Straits, 1912–13." Russian Review 59.1 (2000): 76–95 online [dead link ] Boeckh, Katrin, and Sabine Rutar. eds. (2020) The Wars of Yesterday: The Balkan Wars and the Emergence of Modern Military Conflict, 1912–13 ISBN 978-1-78920-843-6