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Africa is a continent comprising 63 political territories, representing the largest of the great southward projections from the main mass of Earth's surface. [1] Within its regular outline, it comprises an area of 30,368,609 km 2 (11,725,385 sq mi), excluding adjacent islands. Its highest mountain is Kilimanjaro; its largest lake is Lake Victoria.
The following craters are officially considered "unconfirmed" because they are not listed in the Earth Impact Database. Due to stringent requirements regarding evidence and peer-reviewed publication, newly discovered craters or those with difficulty collecting evidence generally are known for some time before becoming listed.
The Fra Mauro map of 1459 shows a more detailed picture of Africa as a continent, including the Cape of Diab at its southernmost point, reflecting an expedition of 1420. Sebastian Münster 's Cosmographia (1545) labels the Cape of Good Hope , reached by Bartolomeu Dias in 1488, as caput bonae spei .
Below is a list of countries in Africa by area. [1] Algeria has been the largest country in Africa and the Arab world since the division of Sudan in 2011. The largest African country not located in the Arab world is the Democratic Republic of the Congo located in Central Africa , which is also the second largest in the continent.
The Maghreb is a region of northwest Africa encompassing the coastlands and Atlas Mountains of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. The Sahara Desert is the massive sparsely populated region in North Africa that contains the world's largest hot deserts; Sub-Saharan Africa is the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara.
Today, the African plate is moving over Earth's surface at a speed of 32.51 km per million years relative to the Earth's "average" crust velocities (see NNR-MORVEL56) Map of East Africa showing some of the historically active volcanoes (red triangles) and the Afar Triangle (shaded, center) – a triple junction where three plates are pulling ...
Africa's population is the youngest among all the continents; [10] [11] the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. [12] Based on 2024 projections, Africa's population will reach 3.8 billion people by 2099. [13] Africa is the least wealthy inhabited continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth ...
A map of East Africa showing some of the historically active volcanoes (as red triangles) and the Afar Triangle (shaded at the center), which is a so-called triple junction (or triple point) where three plates are pulling away from one another: the Arabian plate and two parts of the African plate—the Nubian and Somali—splitting along the East African Rift Zone Main rift faults, plates ...