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In computer programming, a declaration is a language construct specifying identifier properties: it declares a word's (identifier's) meaning. [1] Declarations are most commonly used for functions, variables, constants, and classes, but can also be used for other entities such as enumerations and type definitions. [1]
C program source text is free-form code. Semicolons terminate statements, while curly braces are used to group statements into blocks. The C language also exhibits the following characteristics: The language has a small, fixed number of keywords, including a full set of control flow primitives: if/else, for, do/while, while, and switch.
A snippet of C code which prints "Hello, World!". The syntax of the C programming language is the set of rules governing writing of software in C. It is designed to allow for programs that are extremely terse, have a close relationship with the resulting object code, and yet provide relatively high-level data abstraction.
The C standard library, sometimes referred to as libc, [1] is the standard library for the C programming language, as specified in the ISO C standard. [2] Starting from the original ANSI C standard, it was developed at the same time as the C POSIX library, which is a superset of it. [3]
Most of the operators available in C and C++ are also available in other C-family languages such as C#, D, Java, Perl, and PHP with the same precedence, associativity, and semantics. Many operators specified by a sequence of symbols are commonly referred to by a name that consists of the name of each symbol.
A definition or declaration specifies the data on which a program is to operate, while a statement specifies the actions to be taken with that data. Statements which cannot contain other statements are simple ; those which can contain other statements are compound .
In C++ pointers to non-static members of a class can be defined. If a class C has a member T a then &C::a is a pointer to the member a of type T C::*. This member can be an object or a function. [16] They can be used on the right-hand side of operators .* and ->* to access the corresponding member.
C17, formally ISO/IEC 9899:2018, [1] is an open standard for the C programming language, prepared in 2017 and published in July 2018. It replaced C11 (standard ISO/IEC 9899:2011), [2] and is superseded by C23 (ISO/IEC 9899:2024) since October 2024. [3]