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2. Counterpoise (ground system) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterpoise_(ground_system)

   Inverted-L antenna with counterpoise, in a powerful amateur radio station, Colorado, 1920. The counterpoise is the lower grid of horizontal wires, suspended below the antenna. The largest use of counterpoises is in transmitters on the low frequency (LF) and very low frequency (VLF) bands, as they are very sensitive to ground resistance. [2]

3. Citizens band radio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens_band_radio

   Typical center-loaded mobile CB antenna. Note the loading coil, which shortens the antenna's overall length. 27 MHz is a relatively long wavelength for mobile communications, and the choice of antenna has a considerable impact on the performance of a CB radio. A common mobile antenna is a quarter-wave vertical whip.

4. Antenna types - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_types

   The cone measures near one quarter-wave long along the side from tip to bottom rim, at the antenna's lowest frequency. There is a smaller, flat metal disk mounted horizontally, slightly above the tip of the cone; sometimes the solid disc is replaced by a radiate crown of metal rods, similar to the base of a ground plane antenna. One of the feed ...

5. Antenna (radio) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_(radio)

   With a vertical antenna a loading coil at the base of the antenna may be employed to cancel the reactive component of impedance; small loop antennas are tuned with parallel capacitors for this purpose. An antenna lead-in is the transmission line, or feed line, which connects the antenna to a

6. Ground plane - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_plane

   For a monopole antenna (a), the Earth acts as a ground plane to reflect radio waves directed downwards, making them seem to come from a virtual "image antenna" (b).In Telecommunications, a ground plane is a flat or nearly flat horizontal conducting surface that serves as part of an antenna, to reflect the radio waves from the other antenna elements.

7. Whip antenna - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whip_antenna

   A whip antenna is an antenna consisting of a straight flexible wire or rod. The bottom end of the whip is connected to the radio receiver or transmitter. A whip antenna is a form of monopole antenna. The antenna is designed to be flexible so that it does not break easily, and the name is derived from the whip-like motion that it exhibits when ...