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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market after approval. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents.
A hepatotoxin (Gr., hepato = liver) is a toxic chemical substance that damages the liver.. It can be a side-effect, but hepatotoxins are also found naturally, such as microcystins and pyrrolizidine alkaloids, or in laboratory environments, such as carbon tetrachloride, or far more pervasively in the form of ethanol (drinking alcohol).
Hepatotoxicity. [3] Clometacin: 1987 France Hepatotoxicity. [3] Co-proxamol (Distalgesic) 2004 UK Risk of overdose Cyclobarbital: 1980 Norway Risk of overdose [3] Cyclofenil: 1987 France Hepatotoxicity. [3] Dantron: 1963 Canada, UK, US Mutagenic. [15] withdrawn from general use in UK but permitted in terminal patients Dexfenfluramine: 1997 ...
Plasma perhexiline concentrations as low as 0.6mg/L> are known to cause nausea and dizziness; however, perhexiline is also known to cause hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy at plasma concentrations >0.6mg/L. [9] [10] The symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include weakness or sensory loss and pain in the arms, hand, legs, and feet.
Toxins and medications can cause liver injury through a variety of mechanisms, including direct cell damage, disruption of cell metabolism, and causing structural changes. [38] Some drugs such as paracetamol exhibit predictable dose-dependent liver damage while others such as isoniazid cause idiosyncratic and unpredictable reactions that vary ...
Tolcapone has demonstrated significant liver toxicity (hepatotoxicity) [13] that limits the drug's utility. Entacapone is an alternative, largely since it has a more favorable toxicity profile. The hepatotoxicity can be related to elevated levels of transaminases , but studies have shown that minimal risk exists for those without preexisting ...
Many times, he said, the doctors appeared indifferent to his son’s condition. “They just treat them and get them out of there,” he said. “That was hard for me…it tore me up. You just can’t explain how you see your son lying there and almost dying. There’s a couple times that I was really upset. I was mad at my son, really upset.
Drug-drug interactions can be of serious concern for patients who are undergoing multi-drug therapies. [5] Coadministration of chloroquine , an anti-malaria drug, and statins for treatment of cardiovascular diseases has been shown to cause inhibition of organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) and lead to systemic statin exposure.