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A variety of objective means exist to empirically measure biodiversity. Each measure relates to a particular use of the data, and is likely to be associated with the variety of genes. Biodiversity is commonly measured in terms of taxonomic richness of a geographic area over a time interval. In order to calculate biodiversity, species evenness ...
Species richness, or biodiversity, increases from the poles to the tropics for a wide variety of terrestrial and marine organisms, often referred to as the latitudinal diversity gradient. [1] The latitudinal diversity gradient is one of the most widely recognized patterns in ecology. [1] It has been observed to varying degrees in Earth's past. [2]
The observed species richness is affected not only by the number of individuals but also by the heterogeneity of the sample. If individuals are drawn from different environmental conditions (or different habitats), the species richness of the resulting set can be expected to be higher than if all individuals are drawn from similar environments.
De Candolle was the first to describe the differences between the small-scale and large-scale distribution patterns of organisms around the globe. [10] Several additional scientists contributed new theories to further develop the concept of biogeography. Charles Lyell developed the Theory of Uniformitarianism after studying fossils.
A diversity index is a method of measuring how many different types (e.g. species) there are in a dataset (e.g. a community).Some more sophisticated indices also account for the phylogenetic relatedness among the types. [1]
Species abundance patterns can be best visualized in the form of relative abundance distribution plots. The consistency of relative species abundance patterns suggests that some common macroecological "rule" or process determines the distribution of individuals among species within a trophic level.
Pattern is the term for the contents and internal order of a heterogeneous area of land. [17] A landscape with structure and pattern implies that it has spatial heterogeneity, or the uneven distribution of objects across the landscape. [6] Heterogeneity is a key element of landscape ecology that separates this discipline from other branches of ...
The concept of nature-positive is playing a role in mainstreaming the goals of the Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) for biodiversity. [234] The aim of mainstreaming is to embed biodiversity considerations into public and private practice to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity on global and local levels. [ 235 ]