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A Cephalon-founded study in which patients were administered modafinil, methylphenidate, and a placebo found that modafinil produces "psychoactive and euphoric effects and feelings consistent with [methylphenidate]." [12] Like modafinil, armodafinil is an inhibitor and/or inducer of certain cytochrome P450 enzymes.
ReVia – an opioid antagonist primarily used in the management of alcohol dependence, opioid dependence or other impulse control/addictive behaviors such as habitual self-mutilation; Rexulti (brexpiprazole) – atypical antipsychotic used to treat mood and psychotic disorders
Chemical structure of modafinil. This page lists chemical compounds similar to modafinil, known as modafinil analogues and derivatives. These are structural analogues and derivatives of modafinil, a drug that affects dopamine levels in the brain in an unusual way (atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor or DRI).
The FDA does not endorse modafinil for children's medical conditions due to an increased risk of rare but serious dermatological toxicity, manifested as Stevens–Johnson syndrome which is a type of severe skin reaction. [101] [65] [102] However, in Europe, modafinil may be prescribed for treating narcolepsy in children. [103]
Signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal occur primarily in the central nervous system. The severity of withdrawal can vary from mild symptoms such as insomnia, trembling, and anxiety to severe and life-threatening symptoms such as alcoholic hallucinosis, delirium tremens, and autonomic instability.
Modafinil does not improve mood or motivation in sleep-deprived or non-sleep deprived individuals. [ 20 ] Methylphenidate – a benzylpiperidine derivative that may improve working memory , episodic memory , and inhibitory control , aspects of attention , and planning latency in healthy people.
Eugeroics, in the sense of modafinil-type wakefulness promoting agents, include modafinil itself, armodafinil, and adrafinil, among others. [9] They are medically indicated for the treatment of certain sleep disorders , including excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
[172] [173] Unlike other stimulants, modafinil does not induce a subjective feeling of pleasure or reward, which is commonly associated with euphoria, an intense feeling of well-being. Euphoria is a potential indicator of drug abuse , which is the compulsive and excessive use of a substance despite adverse consequences.
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related to: modafinil other names for children with alcohol withdrawal