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In chemistry, a (redox) non-innocent ligand is a ligand in a metal complex where the oxidation state is not clear. Typically, complexes containing non-innocent ligands are redox active at mild potentials. The concept assumes that redox reactions in metal complexes are either metal or ligand localized, which is a simplification, albeit a useful ...
Free radical reactions are redox reactions that occur as part of homeostasis and killing microorganisms. In these reactions, an electron detaches from a molecule and then re-attaches almost instantly. Free radicals are part of redox molecules and can become harmful to the human body if they do not reattach to the redox molecule or an antioxidant.
Illustration of a redox reaction Sodium chloride is formed through the redox reaction of sodium metal and chlorine gas. Redox reactions can be understood in terms of the transfer of electrons from one involved species (reducing agent) to another (oxidizing agent). In this process, the former species is oxidized and the latter is reduced. Though ...
True organic redox chemistry can be found in electrochemical organic synthesis or electrosynthesis. Examples of organic reactions that can take place in an electrochemical cell are the Kolbe electrolysis. [3] In disproportionation reactions the reactant is both oxidised and reduced in the same chemical reaction forming two separate compounds.
For oxidation-reduction reactions in acidic conditions, after balancing the atoms and oxidation numbers, one will need to add H + ions to balance the hydrogen ions in the half reaction. For oxidation-reduction reactions in basic conditions, after balancing the atoms and oxidation numbers, first treat it as an acidic solution and then add OH − ...
A redox gradient is a series of reduction-oxidation reactions sorted according to redox potential. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The redox ladder displays the order in which redox reactions occur based on the free energy gained from redox pairs.
In the gas phase, the comproportionation reaction is much faster because of the much higher mobility of the reacting species as illustrated, e.g., in the Claus reaction where H 2 S and SO 2 react together to form elemental sulfur. Various classical comproportionation reactions are detailed in the series of examples here below.
Redox reactions (see list of oxidants and reductants) Reduction; Reductive elimination; Reppe synthesis; Riley oxidation; Salt metathesis; Sarett oxidation; Sharpless epoxidation; Shell higher olefin process; Silylation; Simmons–Smith reaction; Sonogashira coupling; Staudinger reaction; Stille reaction; Sulfidation; Suzuki reaction ...