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Portrait of John Curwen by William Gush, circa 1857. John Curwen (14 November 1816 – 26 May 1880) was an English Congregationalist minister and diffuser of the tonic sol-fa system of music education created by Sarah Ann Glover.
Tonic sol-fa (or tonic sol-fah) is a pedagogical technique for teaching sight-singing, invented by Sarah Anna Glover (1786–1867) of Norwich, England and popularised by John Curwen, who adapted it from a number of earlier musical systems.
The tune was first published in 1897 in the periodical Yr Athraw ('The Teacher'), vol. 71, in tonic sol-fa notation, and its first appearance in a hymnal was in 1900, in The Baptist Book of Praise. The famed English composer and music historian Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872–1958) referred to this as one of the greatest hymn tunes.
Tonic Sol-fa is an a cappella quartet from the Minneapolis–Saint Paul region. With a largely pop-music -oriented repertoire, their CDs have sold over 2,000,000 copies, [ 1 ] and the group has toured throughout the US and abroad.
In music, solfège (/ ˈ s ɒ l f ɛ ʒ /, French:) or solfeggio (/ s ɒ l ˈ f ɛ dʒ i oʊ /; Italian: [solˈfeddʒo]), also called sol-fa, solfa, solfeo, among many names, is a mnemonic used in teaching aural skills, pitch and sight-reading of Western music. Solfège is a form of solmization, though the two terms are sometimes used ...
The Tonic Sol-Fa Music Reader (with Theodore Seward, 1880), The Choral Standard (1895), Fillmore's School Singer for Day Schools, Juvenile Classes and Teachers' Institutes (with J. H. Fillmore, 1895), and Progress in Song (with E. T. Hildebrand, 1911). B. C. Unseld prepared the rudiments of music for A. S. Kieffer's popular Temple Star.
Christian monks developed the first forms of modern European musical notation in order to standardize liturgy throughout the worldwide Church, [18] and an enormous body of religious music has been composed for it through the ages. This led directly to the emergence and development of European classical music, and its many derivatives.
Beginning in 1861, he was a regular contributor of Tonic sol-fa material to the Welsh music journal, Y cerddor Cymreig. [82] Parry's work with making Tonic sol-fa accessible allowed everyone with an interest in choral work to participate. [83] He edited Cambrian Minstrelsie (A National Collection of Welsh Songs) in 1893. [84]