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The Centor criteria are a set of criteria which may be used to identify the likelihood of a bacterial infection in patients complaining of a sore throat. They were developed as a method to quickly diagnose the presence of Group A streptococcal infection or diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis in "adult patients who presented to an urban emergency room complaining of a sore throat."
The Centor criteria are also ineffective in diagnosis for tonsillitis in children and in secondary care settings (hospitals). [15] A modified version of the Centor criteria, which modified the original Centor criteria in 1998, is often used to aid in diagnosis.
The modified Centor criteria are a set of five criteria; the total score indicates the probability of a streptococcal infection. [13] One point is given for each of the criteria: [13] Absence of a cough; Swollen and tender cervical lymph nodes; Temperature >38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Tonsillar exudate or swelling
Differentiating a viral and a bacterial cause of a sore throat based on symptoms alone is difficult. [29] Thus, a throat swab often is done to rule out a bacterial cause. [30] The modified Centor criteria may be used to determine the management of people with pharyngitis. Based on five clinical criteria, it indicates the probability of a ...
There is only limited evidence that a hot drink can help alleviate a sore throat, and other common cold and influenza symptoms. [15] If the sore throat is unrelated to a cold and is caused by, for example, tonsillitis, a cold drink may be helpful. [16] There are also other medications such as lozenges which can help soothe irritated tissues of ...
Typical infections of the upper respiratory tract include tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, certain influenza types, and the common cold. [3] Symptoms of URIs can include cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, headache, low-grade fever, facial pressure, and sneezing. [4] [5]
Outcomes were mixed depending on the respiratory tract infection; symptoms of acute otitis media and sore throat were modestly improved with immediate antibiotics with minimal difference in complication rate. Antibiotic usage was reduced when antibiotics were only used for ongoing symptoms and maintained patient satisfaction at 86%. [19]
As a result, Vincent's angina is widely confused with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (previously also called "Vincent's gingivitis"), however the former is tonsillitis and pharyngitis, [6] and the latter involves the gums, and usually the two conditions occur in isolation from each other. The term "angina" is derived from a Latin word which ...