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Varicocele might be noticed as soft lumps, usually above the testicle and mostly on the left side of the scrotum. [5] Right-sided and bilateral varicocele does also occur. Men with varicocele can feel symptoms of pain or heaviness in their scrotum. [5] Large varicoceles present as plexus of veins and may be described as a "bag of worms".
[1] [2] Varices in the scrotum are known as varicocele, while those around the anus are known as hemorrhoids. [1] The physical, social, and psychological effects of varicose veins can lower their bearers' quality of life. [6] Varicose veins have no specific cause. [2]
Valveless testicular veins are a major contributing factor to varicocele. [1] Since the left testicular vein goes all the way up to the left renal vein before it empties, this results in a higher tendency for the left testicle to develop varicocele because of the gravity working on the column of blood in this vein, compared to the right internal spermatic vein.
During a genital examination, the doctor can detect any of the following: structural abnormalities (ex. varicocele), urethral opening abnormalities, problems related to not being circumcised (ex. phimosis), [3] lumps, tumors, redness, excoriation, edema, lesions, swelling, cancer, hair-related issues, and many
Diagnosis of female varicocele, properly called pelvic compression syndrome, should be expected to be as frequent as male varicocele (15% of healthy asymptomatic men, which are thought to develop primarily during puberty and prevalence increases approximately 10% per decade of life [2]).
While varicocele is the diagnostic term for swelling in the valveless venous distribution of the male pampiniform plexus, this embryological structure, common to males and females, is often incidentally noted to be swollen during laproscopic examinations in both symptomatic and asymptomatic females. [2]
Chronic scrotal pain (pain for greater than 3 months) may occur due to a number of underlying conditions. [3] It occurs in 15-19% of men post vasectomy, due to infections such as epididymitis, prostatitis, and orchitis, as well as varicocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, polyarteritis nodosa, testicular torsion, previous surgery and trauma. [3]
Ideal sources for Wikipedia's health content are defined in the guideline Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine) and are typically review articles. Here are links to possibly useful sources of information about Varicocele. PubMed provides review articles from the past five years (limit to free review articles)
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