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An electric motor or generator consists of a cylinderical rotating part called the rotor and a stationary part called the stator. For maximum efficiency, a gap between the rotor and stator is kept as small as possible, typically 1–2 mm. For most AC generators, the stator acts as the armature, and the rotor acts as the field magnet.
A DC armature of a miniature motor (or generator) An example of a triple-T armature A partially-constructed DC armature, showing the (incomplete) windings In electrical engineering, the armature is the winding (or set of windings) of an electric machine which carries alternating current. [1]
Coils are typically wound with enamelled copper wire, sometimes termed magnet wire. The winding material must have a low resistance, to reduce the power consumed by the field coil, but more importantly to reduce the waste heat produced by resistive heating. Excess heat in the windings is a common cause of failure.
The windings (coils of wire) on the armature are connected to the commutator segments. Commutators are used in direct current (DC) machines: dynamos (DC generators) and many DC motors as well as universal motors. In a motor the commutator applies electric current to the windings.
The greater the number of turns of wire, the stronger the field produced. Conversely, a changing external magnetic flux induces a voltage in a conductor such as a wire, due to Faraday's law of induction. [3] [4] The induced voltage can be increased by winding the wire into a coil because the field lines intersect the circuit multiple times. [3]
In the simplest form of linear electric generator, a sliding magnet moves back and forth through a solenoid, a copper wire or a coil. An alternating current is induced in the wire, or loops of wire, by Faraday's law of induction each time the magnet slides through. This type of generator is used in the Faraday flashlight.
Copper wire in typical hairpin geometry. Hairpin technology is a winding technology for stators in electric motors and generators and is also used for traction applications in electric vehicles. In contrast to conventional winding technologies, the hairpin technology is based on solid, flat copper bars which are inserted into the stator stack ...
Inductor made with magnet wire wound around a toroidal core. Magnet wire or enameled wire is a copper or aluminium wire coated with a very thin layer of insulation.It is used in the construction of transformers, inductors, motors, generators, speakers, hard disk head actuators, electromagnets, electric guitar pickups, and other applications that require tight coils of insulated wire.
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