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2. Aortic valve replacement - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_valve_replacement

   Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure whereby a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve. The aortic valve may need to be replaced because of aortic regurgitation (back flow), or if the valve is narrowed by stenosis .

3. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcatheter_aortic_valve...

   Patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis have a mortality rate of approximately 50% at 2 years without intervention. [5] In patients who are deemed too high risk for open heart surgery, TAVI significantly reduces the rates of death and cardiac symptoms. [6]

4. Ross procedure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_procedure

   Complications occur in 3% to 5% of cases with one to 3% chance of early death. The death rate is almost negligible in very experienced centres. 80% to 90% of cases survive 10 years, and 70% to 80% may live up to 20 years. [3] As of 2014, the Ross procedure comprises less than 1% of all aortic valve replacements in North America. [1]

5. Norwood procedure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwood_procedure

   Arrhythmias: Abnormal heart rhythms can occur due to the congenital defect or secondary to manipulation of cardiac tissue during surgery. [ 31 ] Shunt Obstruction: The shunt (mBTTs or Sano) placed during the Norwood procedure that re-establishes pulmonary circulation can become narrowed or obstructed, necessitating urgent intervention.

6. Valve replacement - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_replacement

   Valve replacement surgery is the replacement of one or more of the heart valves with either an artificial heart valve or a bioprosthesis (homograft from human tissue or xenograft e.g. from pig). It is an alternative to valve repair .

7. Abbott's heart valve repair device gets FDA advisers' backing

   www.aol.com/news/abbotts-heart-valve-repair...

   Advisers to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday backed an approval for Abbott Laboratories' heart valve repair device that is designed for patients who are at risk of complications or ...